", Protsyk, Oleh. "The Dniester Conflict: Between Irredentism and Separatism,", "Ukaz Prezidenta Soiuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik O Merakh po Normalizatsii Obstanovki v SSR Moldova,", "Postanovlenie verkhovnogo soveta Pridnestrovskoi Moldavskoi Respubliki ob izmenenii nazvaniia respubliki,", John O'Loughlin, Vladimir Kolossov & Gerald Toal, "Inside the post-Soviet de facto states: a comparison of attitudes in Abkhazia, Nagorny Karabakh, South Ossetia, and Transnistria, in, "Nezavisimaya Moldova", 25 October 1994; Informative Report of FAM of RM, nr.2, October 1994, pp. The present history of the region dates to 1990, during the dissolution of the Soviet Union, when the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was established in hopes that it would remain within the Soviet Union should Moldova seek unification with Romania or independence, the latter occurring in August 1991. Some notable and recent achievements of Novartis include the company being recognized as a Bronze COVID Champion in 2021 by the Learning Performance Institute. Also, for the first time, the population had the option to identify as "Transnistrian". BNS. On Feb. 28, the so-called Ministry of Defense of unrecognized Transnistria announced a three-month military training campaign. Recent weapons inspections were permitted by Transnistria and conducted by the OSCE. [90] During 20002001, although the CFE Treaty was not fully ratified, to comply with it, Moscow withdrew 125 pieces of Treaty Limited Equipment (TLE) and 60 railway wagons containing ammunition from the Transnistrian region of Moldova. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Transnistria wanted to return to a "Brezhnev-style planned economy". The largest company in the world can fluctuate day to day, even minute by minute, depending what measurement is used. Germans accounted for 1,400 or 0.3% and Poles for 1,000 or 0.2%. One is Accenture: even though it is originally from the US and has a global headcount of more than 500,000, its headquarters is now located in Dublin, Ireland, making it an Ireland-based company. It is an. The airforce is composed of 9 Mi-8T helicopters, 6 Mi-24 helicopters, 2 Mi-2 helicopters, and several fixed-wing aircraft, including, An-2, An-26 and Yak-18 types. June 2010 surveys indicated that 13% of Transnistria's population desired the area's reintegration into Moldova in the condition of territorial autonomy, while 46% wanted Transnistria to be part of the Russian Federation.[74]. Russian troops stationed in parts of Moldova except Transnistria since the time of the USSR were fully withdrawn to Russia by January 1993. The human rights record of Transnistria has been criticised by several governments and international organisations.[which?] "[151], In 2010, Viktor Kryzhanivsky, Ukraine's special envoy on Transnistria, stated that there was no ongoing arms or drug trafficking through the Transnistrian section of the Ukrainian-Moldovan border at the time. During World War II, the Soviet Union took parts of the Moldavian ASSR, which was dissolved, and of the Kingdom of Romania's Bessarabia to form the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940. It is included in Forbes' list of America's Best Banks 2021 and the Just 100 Companies 2021 that features both private and public companies that practice responsible capitalism. Although exercising no direct control over the territory of Transnistria, the Moldovan government passed the "Law on Basic Provisions of the Special Legal Status of Localities from the Left Bank of the Dniester" on 22 July 2005, which established part of Transnistria (territory of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic without Bender and without territories, which are under control of Moldova) as an autonomous territorial unit within the Republic of Moldova. [105] They have 18 tanks, 107 armoured personnel carriers, 73 field guns, 46 anti-aircraft installations, and 173 tank destroyer units. Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. North and south of Dubsari it passes through the lands of the villages controlled by Moldova (Dorocaia, Cocieri, Roghi, while Vasilievca is entirely situated east of the road). C Cuciurgan power station G Gazprombank (Transnistria) I Intercentre Lux Interdnestrcom K KVINT M Moldova Steel Works S Sheriff (company) T Tiraspoltransgas Tirotex Elections in Transnistria are not recognised by international bodies such as the European Union, as well as numerous individual countries, who called them a source of increased tensions. The company's advertising reach figures suggest that LinkedIn's audience in Transnistria was equivalent to 1.3 percent of the total population at the start of 2022. 1 Tiraspol - The capital with 168,000 inhabitants. Postal Service. On 3 March 2006, Ukraine introduced new customs regulations on its border with Transnistria. It affirms that the republic has freedom of religion and states that 114 religious beliefs and congregations are officially registered. dashboard S&P 500 Index Dashboard Browse Countries, Sectors, Industries, Stock Indices & Top Companies Countries / Sectors-Industries Indices Country / Territory AND / OR Vineri, 23.01.2015 22:02 8196. The president is directly elected for a maximum of two consecutive five-year terms. In April 1995, the Soviet 14th Guards Army became the Operational Group of Russian Forces, which by the 2010s had shrunk to two battalions and no more than 1,500 troops. [citation needed] On 28 June 1940, the USSR annexed part of Bessarabia from Romania under the terms of the MolotovRibbentrop Pact, and on 2 August 1940 the Supreme Soviet of the USSR created the Moldavian SSR by combining the annexed territory with a part of the former Moldavian ASSR roughly equivalent to present-day Transnistria. Volunteers, including Cossacks, came from Russia to help the separatist side. Consumers can buy, sell and service vehicles digitally or through our 188 coast to coast locations. With 2021 profits over $45 billion and assets topping 5 trillion, the ICBC ranks yet again as the largest lender in the world. January 30, 2023 Author: Luca Ventura Sat Mar 4 2023 - 11:00. [137] In the early 2000s over 50% of the export went to the CIS, mainly to Russia, but also to Belarus, Ukraine, and Moldova (which Transnistrian authorities consider foreign). Bitcoin is the largest blockchain-based digital asset, with a market capitalization of $473.7 billion as of Feb. 19, 2023. Amazon is headquartered in Seattle, WA, USA. [citation needed], Andrei Stratan, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Moldova, stated in his speech during the 12th OSCE Ministerial Council Meeting in Sofia on 67 December 2004 that "The presence of Russian troops on the territory of the Republic of Moldova is against the political will of Moldovan constitutional authorities and defies the unanimously recognized international norms and principles, being qualified by Moldovan authorities as a foreign military occupation illegally deployed on the territory of the state". For example, the percentage of Russians grew from 13.7% in 1926 to 25.5% in 1989 and further to 30.4% in 2004, while the Moldovan population decreased from 44.1% in 1926 to 39.9% in 1989 and 31.9% in 2004. On 2 September 1990, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (PMSSR) was proclaimed as a Soviet republic by an ad hoc assembly, the Second Congress of the Peoples' Representatives of Transnistria, following a successful referendum. One city (Bender) and six villages on the west bank are controlled by the PMR, but are considered by Moldova as a separate municipality (Bender and village of Proteagailovca) or part of the Cueni District (five villages in three communes). As of May 2022, Apple has a $2.223 Trillion market capitalization and is considered one of the largest companies, with 516 retail stores and around 147,000 employees. In 2020, the Transnistrian Customs reported exports of US$633.1million and imports of US$1,052.7million. In later years there were concerns[who?] "Interfax", Moscow, in Russian, 0850 gmt, 7 July 2004, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, must be registered with the Moldovan authorities, European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine, Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Disputed status of Transnistria: Territorial issues, Learn how and when to remove this template message, the road from Tiraspol to Rbnia through Dubsari, partially recognised or unrecognised states, International recognition of Transnistria, Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, armed forces and the paramilitary of Transnistria, Romanian-language schools in Transnistria, List of active separatist movements in Europe, " ", "Hopes Rise in Transnistria of a Russian Annexation", "On the situation of Russian schools in Moldova", "Law of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic on the Functioning of Languages on the Territory of the Moldavian SSR", "Russian language in Moldova could lose their status ( )", "352 DE MII DE LOCUITORI DIN REGIUNEA TRANSNISTREAN DEIN CETENIA REPUBLICII MOLDOVA I 362 DE MII FIGUREAZ N REGISTRUL DE STAT AL POPULAIEI", "An aided economy. Walmart also led ranking of companies by revenue in 2022, with a total revenue of about 600. [95], In 2011, US Senator John McCain claimed in a visit to Moldova that Moscow is violating the territorial integrity of Moldova and Georgia and one of the "fundamental norms" of "international behavior". Flag of Transnistria (state).svg. [127] However, several years later, it decided to head toward a market economy. According to the government of Transnistria, the 2007 GDP was 6789 mln ruble (appx US$799million) and the GDP per capita was about US$1,500. Transnistria is subdivided into five districts (raions) and one municipality, the city of Tiraspol (which is entirely surrounded by but administratively distinct from Slobozia District), listed below from north to south (Russian names and transliterations are appended in parentheses). The biggest industrial companies in the US are involved in various sectors which include aerospace, lumber production, tools, defense, construction, waste management, cement and metal. The 1992 cease-fire agreement between Moldova and Transnistria established a Russian "peacekeeper" presence in Transnistria and a 1,200-member Russian military contingent is present in Transnistria. ", Blakkisrud, Helge, and Pl Kolst. "Nationalism and identity in Transnistria. Bulgarians were the fourth largest ethnic group in Transnistria, albeit much less numerous than the three larger ethnicities. The term Transnistria was used in relation to eastern Moldova for the first time in 1989,[32][33][34] in the election slogan of the deputy and member of the Popular Front of Moldova Leonida Lari:[35][36][37]. Precipitation is equal year round although with a slight increase in the summer months. Moscow is concerned about the situation in Moldova's breakaway region of Transnistria and is closely monitoring developments there, the Kremlin said Monday. Others accounted for 5,700 people or 1.2%. The largest companies by turnover The largest employers in total The most profitable companies TOP LISTS COUNTRY Denmark by turnover Finland by turnover Norway by turnover Sweden by turnover Top lists county Stockholm County Capital Region of Denmark Southern Finland Oslo County The best Nordic search engine gets even better! The entire economy of Transniestria can more or less be reduced to five companies: a cement producer, a steel producer, Tirotex, Russian energy company Inter RAO UES, and Sheriff. Between 1929 and 1940, Tiraspol functioned as the capital of the Moldavian ASSR, an autonomous republic that existed from 1924 to 1940 within the Ukrainian SSR. The German retail chains Aldi and Quelle, . It states the remaining troops are serving as peacekeepers authorised under the 1992 ceasefire, are not in violation of the Istanbul accords and will remain until the conflict is fully resolved. 90% of the population of Transnistria are citizens of Transnistria. Transnistria, which is also known as the Prednestrovian Moldavian Republic, is under the leadership of President Vadim Krasnoselsky. The Ministry of Defense (MOD) of Moldova dismissed earlier the rumors about preparing a military operation in Transnistria. Original file (SVG file, nominally 1,200 600 pixels, file size: 2 KB) [123][124] These allegations are denied by the Transnistrian government, and sometimes downplayed by the officials of Russia and Ukraine.[125]. This is the list of the largest companies in the S&P 500 index by market capitalization. Transnistria has warm summers and cool to cold winters. Four of these schools were forcibly closed by the authorities, who claimed this was due to the refusal of the schools to apply for official accreditation. Under OSCE auspices, on 8 May 1997, Moldovan President Petru Lucinschi and Transnistrian president Igor Smirnov, signed the "Memorandum on the principles of normalization of the relations between the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria", also known as the "Primakov Memorandum", sustaining the establishment of legal and state relations, although the memorandum's provisions were interpreted differently by the governments of Moldova and Transnistria. The rankings and market cap data of these companies are updated regularly. Compass Group (United . For more companies, head on over to 5 Biggest Private Jet Companies in the World. Royal Dutch Shell " ", Council Decision 2006/96/CFSP of 14 February 2006 implementing Common Position 2004/179/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against the leadership of the Transnistrian region of the Republic of Moldova, "Transnistrian Communist Party leader released on probation", Moldova Strategic Conflict Assessment (SCA), "Valeri Litskai: A situation based on pressure and threats cannot be considered favorable for the revival of contacts", "Russia's humanitarian assistance is a planned propagandist action, Chiinu claims", "Russian troops in Transnistria a threat to the security of the Republic of Moldova", Institute of Political and Military Studies, Chiinu, Moldova, NATO must recognize Russia's compliance with Istanbul accords, "Russian Troops In Transnistria Squeezed By Ukraine And Moldova", "McCain Backs Demand For Russian Troop Withdrawal From Transdniester", "Ukraine blocked Russian contingent to Transnistria (Moldova)", "With Russia Boxed In, Frozen Transdniester Conflict Could Heat Up", "La Tiraspol, faci pucrie, dac negi "rolul pozitiv" al armatei ruse", "Transnistria denies preparing to join Russia's war with Ukraine", "Russia is preparing a pretext for invading Ukraine: US official", "Russia says it prevented border breach from Ukraine, Kyiv calls it fake news", "Russia says crippled warship to be towed back to port, as Ukraine claims missile hit", "Moldauische Konfliktregion Transnistrien meldet Explosionen", "Law enforcement and armed forces of Pridnestrovie", " 2015 ", " 2017 ", Trends in Europe and North America (Explanatory Notes), "Official data from 2004 census and comparison with the 1989 census, by Olvia Press", "World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples Transnistria (unrecognised state): Overview", "Christians Face Abuse from Corrupt Regime", ": - ", "Fear, football and torture undercover in Transnistria", "MOLDOVA: SITUATION ANALYSIS AND TREND ASSESSMENT", Queremos zonas de libre comercio tanto al Este como hacia el Oeste, "Privatization will solve the budget problem", " : ", "Shevchuk answering a question about 2007 Transnistrian budget", "Shevchuk explaining that the economic situation is not critical", " 2020 ", "Moldova: Separatist Transnistria Region Reorienting Trade from Russia to EU", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2006, Statement by the Ministry of Education, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, on the question of children's educational rights insurance, "Several Transnistrian officials were banned from traveling through EU", "Singurul liceu cu predare n limba romn din Tiraspol, forat s i suspende activitatea pentru 3 luni", "Western Diplomats Say Reports Of Smuggling From Transdniester Likely Exaggerated", UNDP: 2006 Small arms and light weapons survey of Moldova.
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